[转] 最牛B的 Linux Shell 命令

本文编译自 Catonmat 的系列文章 Top Ten One-Liners from CommandLineFuExplained 。作为一个由用户推荐最有用shell命令的网站,其记录了数以万计的各色shell命令,其中不乏相当实用和有趣的,本文就要细数当中获投票最高的一些命令,从其中取材并加以细释,希望读者能从中受益。

引言

Shell作为Unix系操作系统当中最有魅力且不可或缺的组件,经过数十载的洗礼不仅没有被淘汰,而且愈加变得成熟稳健,究其原因,大概因为它是个非常稳固的粘合剂,能够把大量功能强大的组件任意配搭,总能很好很快地完成用户的任务。本文的一些命令很可能看起来是”雕虫小技”,我们只好仰慕一下Shell大牛了,但是有些细节我会稍加发掘加以说明,遇到有趣的地方希望能博您一笑了。

$ sudo !!

:w !sudo tee %

$ cd -

$ ^foo^bar

!!:s/foo/bar/

$ cp filename{,.bak}

$ echo {a,b,c}{a,b,c}{a,b,c}

$ ssh-copy-id remote-machine

$ ffmpeg -f x11grab -s wxga -r 25 -i :0.0 -sameq /tmp/out.mpg

command <CTRL-x CTRL-e>

> file.txt

ssh -N -L2001:remotehost:80 user@somemachine

reset

printf(“\033c\033(K\033[J\033[0m\033[?25h”);

echo cmd | at midnight

dd if=/dev/dsp | ssh username@host dd of=/dev/dsp

dd if=/dev/dsp of=/dev/dsp

arecord | ssh username@host aplay

arecord | aplay

cat /dev/urandom | ssh username@host aplay

7.映射一个内存目录

mount -t tmpfs -o size=1024m tmpfs /mnt/ram

ssh user@host cat /path/to/remotefile | diff /path/to/localfile -

netstat -tulnp

mount | column -t

$ mount

$ mount | column -t

/dev/root on / type ext3 (rw)
/proc on /proc type proc (rw)
/dev/mapper/lvmraid-home on /home type ext3 (rw,noatime)

$ (echo "DEVICE - PATH - TYPE FLAGS" && mount) | column -t

$ (echo "DEVICE PATH TYPE FLAGS" && mount | awk '$2=$4="";1') | column -t

$ nicemount() { (echo "DEVICE PATH TYPE FLAGS" && mount |
awk '$2=$4="";1') | column -t; }

$ nicemount

!!:gs/foo/bar

watch -d -n 1 'df; ls -FlAt /path'

sshfs name@server:/path/to/folder /path/to/mount/point

fusermount -u /path/to/mount/point

dig +short txt <keyword>.wp.dg.cx

$ dig +short txt hacker.wp.dg.cx

wiki() { dig +short txt $1.wp.dg.cx; }

$ wiki hacker

host -t txt hacker.wp.dg.cx

wget --random-wait -r -p -e robots=off -U Mozilla www.example.com

ALT + . (or ESC + .)

$ echo a b c
abc
$ echo <Press ALT + .>
$ echo c

$ echo 1 2 3
123
$ echo a b c
abc
$ echo <Press ALT + .>
$ echo c
$ echo <Press ALT + .> again
$ echo 3

$ echo a b c
abc
$ echo <Press ALT + 1> <Press ALT + .>
$ echo a
a
$ echo <Press ALT + 2> <Press ALT + .>
$ echo b
b

<space> command

du -h --max-depth=1

ps aux | sort -nk +4 | tail

python -m smtpd -n -c DebuggingServer localhost:1025

sudo python -m smtpd -n -c DebuggingServer localhost:25

man 7 ascii

time read

$ time ls /opt
...
real 0m0.008s
user 0m0.003s
sys 0m0.007s

net rpc shutdown -I IP_ADDRESS -U username%password

(cd /tmp && ls)

echo $(echo -e file:///C|/x$(printf "%x" 65))

ssh -t host_A ssh host_B

ssh -t host1 ssh -t host2 ssh -t host3 ssh -t host4 ...

<CTRL+l>;

tput clear

ping -a IP

history | awk '{a[$2]++}END{for(i in a){print a[i] " " i}}' | sort -rn | head

curl -u you@gmail.com --silent "https://mail.google.com/mail/feed/atom" | perl -ne \
'
print "Subject: $1 " if /<title>(.+?)<\/title>/ && $title++;
print "(from $1)\n" if /<email>(.+?)<\/email>/;
'

telnet towel.blinkenlights.nl